The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program (TOGA) is a component of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) aimed specifically at the prediction of climate phenomena on time scales of months to years. In order to achieve the TOGA goals, a strategy of large-scale, long-term monitoring of the upper ocean and the atmosphere has been developed. In particular, several moored bouy projects have been developed. The Global Tropical Moored Buoy Array is a multi-national effort to provide data in real-time for climate research and forecasting. Major components include the TAO/TRITON array in the Pacific, PIRATA in the Atlantic, and RAMA in the Indian Ocean. The TAO array (renamed the TAO/TRITON array on 1 January 2000) consists of approximately 70 moorings in the Tropical Pacific Ocean; PIRATA use ~20 bouys; and, RAMA uses ~23 bouys.
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Data Time Period Extended?
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Input Data
Data Access: Please Cite data sources, following the data providers' instructions.
- McPhaden et al (2009): The Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 90, 459-480
- Praveen et al (2012):TropFlux wind stresses over the tropical oceans: evaluation and comparison with other products
- Praveen et al (2012): TropFlux: Air-Sea Fluxes for the Global Tropical Oceans: Description and evaluation. Clim. Dynamics, 38, 1521-1543
- Drushka, KJ et al (2012): In situ observations of Madden–Julian Oscillation mixed layer dynamics in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. J. Climate, 25, 2306–2328
- Cronin et al (2012): Ocean reference stations. In Earth Observation, R.B. Rustamov and S.E. Salahova (eds.), InTech
- Prakash et al (2013): Comparison of TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA)-3B43 version 6 and 7 products with rain gauge data from ocean buoys, Remote Sensing Letters, 4, 677-685
- McPhaden et al (2010): A TOGA retrospective. Oceanography, 23, 86-103
2 Comments
Tropical Moored Buoy System: TAO, TRITON, PIRATA, RAMA (TOGA)
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September 4, 2013 - 1:04amDr. Vivek Kumar Pandey of University of Allahabad says:
Some RAMA and GODAS based study in Indian Ocean:
Pandey, V. K., 2011: Validation and comparison studies of currents and salinity within Ocean Data Assimilation System using RAMA mooring buoys data in India Ocean. International Journal of Technical & Non-Technical Research , 2(9), 1-5.
Pandey, V. K., 2011: Variance-Preserving Power Spectral Analysis of current, wind and 20º isothermal depth of RAMA project from the equatorial Indian Ocean. e-journal Earth Science India, 4(IV), 181-187.
Pandey, V. K. and S. K. Singh, 2010: Comparison study of ECCO2 and NCEP reanalysis using TRITON and RAMA data at the Indian Ocean Mooring Buoy point. e-journal Earth Science India, 3 (IV), 226-241.
Pandey, V. K. and S. K. Singh, 2010: Validation of Temperature Field within Ocean Data Assimilation System with the Mooring Buoy's Data in the Indian Ocean. International Journal of Technical & Non-Technical Research , I (4), 222-234.
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January 23, 2014 - 4:40amDr. Vivek Kumar Pandey of University of Allahabad says:
One more RAMA mooring and GODAS based study: Pandey, V. K. and P. Kishore, 2013: Evaluation of GODAS using RAMA Mooring Observations from the Indian Ocean. Marine Geodesy, 36, doi: 10.1080/01490419.2013.859642.