The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program (TOGA) is a component of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) aimed specifically at the prediction of climate phenomena on time scales of months to years. In order to achieve the TOGA goals, a strategy of large-scale, long-term monitoring of the upper ocean and the atmosphere has been developed. In particular, several moored bouy projects have been developed. The Global Tropical Moored Buoy Array is a multi-national effort to provide data in real-time for climate research and forecasting. Major components include the TAO/TRITON array in the Pacific, PIRATA in the Atlantic, and RAMA in the Indian Ocean. The TAO array (renamed the TAO/TRITON array on 1 January 2000) consists of approximately 70 moorings in the Tropical Pacific Ocean; PIRATA use ~20 bouys; and, RAMA uses ~23 bouys.
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Global Tropical Moored Bouy Array (source: http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/oceansites/images/map_lg.gif) |
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Monthly time series of salinity at all TAO/TRITON bouy locations along the equator. Image created using the online tool at http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/disdel/disdel-pir.html. |
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PIRATA: real time download of daily of temperature, wind, dynamic height and temperature with depth (source http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pirata/21n23w.html) |
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PIRATA: real time download of daily of sea surface temperature, wind components, relative humidity, air temperature ans sea temperature with depth (source http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pirata/21n23w.html) |
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PIRATA: real time download of daily precipitation. (source http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pirata/21n23w.html) |
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PIRATA: real time download of daily of radiation (source http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pirata/21n23w.html) |
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PIRATA: real time download of salinity with depth (source http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pirata/21n23w.html) |
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PIRATA: real time download of current speed(source http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pirata/21n23w.html) |
National Center for Atmospheric Research Staff (Eds). Last modified 31 Oct 2013. "The Climate Data Guide: Tropical Moored Buoy System: TAO, TRITON, PIRATA, RAMA (TOGA)." Retrieved from https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/tropical-moored-buoy-system-tao-triton-pirata-rama-toga.
Funding: NSF | National Science Foundation
Based at: NCAR | National Center for Atmospheric Research
A Project of: Climate Analysis Section in Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory
Created by: Climate Data Guide PIs and Staff
2 Comments
Tropical Moored Buoy System: TAO, TRITON, PIRATA, RAMA (TOGA)
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September 4, 2013 - 1:04amDr. Vivek Kumar Pandey of University of Allahabad says:
Some RAMA and GODAS based study in Indian Ocean:
Pandey, V. K., 2011: Validation and comparison studies of currents and salinity within Ocean Data Assimilation System using RAMA mooring buoys data in India Ocean. International Journal of Technical & Non-Technical Research , 2(9), 1-5.
Pandey, V. K., 2011: Variance-Preserving Power Spectral Analysis of current, wind and 20º isothermal depth of RAMA project from the equatorial Indian Ocean. e-journal Earth Science India, 4(IV), 181-187.
Pandey, V. K. and S. K. Singh, 2010: Comparison study of ECCO2 and NCEP reanalysis using TRITON and RAMA data at the Indian Ocean Mooring Buoy point. e-journal Earth Science India, 3 (IV), 226-241.
Pandey, V. K. and S. K. Singh, 2010: Validation of Temperature Field within Ocean Data Assimilation System with the Mooring Buoy's Data in the Indian Ocean. International Journal of Technical & Non-Technical Research , I (4), 222-234.
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January 23, 2014 - 4:40amDr. Vivek Kumar Pandey of University of Allahabad says:
One more RAMA mooring and GODAS based study: Pandey, V. K. and P. Kishore, 2013: Evaluation of GODAS using RAMA Mooring Observations from the Indian Ocean. Marine Geodesy, 36, doi: 10.1080/01490419.2013.859642.