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The Centennial in situ Observation-Based Estimates of Sea Surface Temperature version 3 (COBE-SST3) is a SST analysis produced by the Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA). The main COBE-SST3 reconstruction provides spatially complete estimates of SST over the global…
Experts contributing reviews
- Ishii, Masayoshi

Years of record
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The temperature of the stratosphere is a key climate variable for understanding variability and change of the Earth's radiation budget, particularly due to sensitivity to changes in stratospheric ozone as well as aerosols from volcanoes and wildfires. While there are…
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Formats
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Timestep
- Monthly
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Domain
- Global
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Collections
- BAMS State of the Climate
Experts contributing reviews
- Randel, Bill, Starr, Jon

Years of record
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NOAA’s daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (dOISST, also known as Reynolds’ SST or OISST) is a global SST analysis product. An SST analysis is a spatially gridded product created by interpolating and extrapolating data, resulting in a smoothed spatially-…
Experts contributing reviews
- Huang, Boyin, Yin, Xungang

Years of record
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The NOAA Extended Reconstruction Sea Surface Temperature version 6 (ERSSTv6) is a global, spatially complete SST data at monthly 2°×2° resolutions based on in situ observations for 1850-present. Version 6 is based upon statistical interpolation of the ICOADS release 3.0.2…
Experts contributing reviews
- Huang, Boyin, Yin, Xungang

Years of record
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Note: ERSST is currently on version 6. See the ERSSTv6 page here. The NOAA Extended Reconstruction Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) provides global, spatially complete SST data at a monthly timestep for 1854-present. Version5 is based upon statistical interpolation…
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Timestep
- Climatology, Monthly
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Domain
- Global
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Collections
- Diagnostic Data Sets
Experts contributing reviews
- Hausfather, Zeke

Years of record
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Note: ERSST is currently on version 6. See the ERSSTv6 page here. The NOAA Extended Reconstruction Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) provides global, spatially complete SST data at a monthly timestep for 1854-present. Version3 is based upon statistical interpolation…
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Timestep
- Monthly
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Domain
- Global
Experts contributing reviews
- Huang, Boyin, Livermore, Jay, Smith, Tom

Years of record
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Note: ERSST is currently on version 6. See the ERSSTv6 page here. The NOAA Extended Reconstruction Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) provides global, spatially complete SST data at a monthly timestep for 1854-present. Compared to the previous version, Version 4…
Experts contributing reviews
- Huang, Boyin
Years of record
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This overview focuses on SST datasets designed for climate applications. The focus is on datasets with coverage back to around 1850 at monthly resolution but select datasets over the satellite era that have been specifically developed as climate monitoring resources are…
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Formats
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Timestep
- Climatology, Daily, Monthly, Weekly
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Domain
- Global
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Collections
- Overview / Comparison page
Experts contributing reviews
- Chan, Duo, Kent, Elizabeth
Years of record
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Night Marine Air Temperature (NMAT) refers to measurements of air temperature recorded with thermometers on the weather stations of ships. NMAT is a highly correlated variable with Sea Surface Temperature (SST), capturing the temperature of the atmosphere near the surface…
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Formats
- netCDF
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Timestep
- Monthly
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Domain
- Global
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Collections
- BAMS State of the Climate
Experts contributing reviews
- Cornes, Richard

Years of record
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Mountain glaciers and ice caps have been studied as sensitive indicators of climate since the 19th century. The recognition of glacier sensitivity to climate led to the development of a global reporting system for glacier terminus change and glacier mass balance during…
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Formats
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Timestep
- Annual
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Domain
- Global
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Collections
- BAMS State of the Climate
Experts contributing reviews
- Pelto, Mauri